Bootstraps

We all make judgements. We should. But when judgements are made by the people elected to govern us, we should be paying attention. Because those judgements are, by their representative power, your and my judgements, even if some of us didn’t vote for the guy.

Maybe they are yours. If so, please let me know. Because we need to be talking about this.

If you agree with this, then I guess, this is the Idaho I live in. It makes me sad. And angry.

Idaho has passed strong prohibitions on abortion. The only abortion allowed in Idaho at this time is to save the life (not organs, or future health) of the mother. This is portrayed as protecting the unborn, the defenseless fetus that needs the protection of the Big Brother State. I can understand this, though I think it is heartless and an intrusion on the mother’s self-governance. But we can talk about that some other time.

I ask you, where is this Big Brother after this Idaho child is delivered?

Do Idahoans care about giving this little kid some chance at prosperity? Or are we going to insist this mom and/or dad figure this out on their own? Bootstraps: that’s all they need.

Have you tried to pay rent recently? Have you looked at housing prices? Wages? Maybe you haven’t noticed grocery costs are up. Your Thanksgiving turkey was pricey. Maybe this is not a concern for you. Maybe you have a good Social Security check or pension. But it’s hard to get by now on regular wages. Trump knew this, though I don’t think he has these concerns. But he convinced a lot of voters he could solve their suffering. We’ll see.

There are programs in place to help these low-income folks with young children. But our Idaho legislature has choked them off. Our elected representatives must think we Idahoans want these poor folks to tug harder on their bootstraps. I guess that’s the Idaho we live in now. And lots of folks must think this is just fine, based on our most recent election.

The Idaho legislature turned down federal money (no strings attached) for early childhood education.

The Idaho legislature has failed to allow the spending of federal money we already have to support childcare grants for low-income families.

You must have your baby and then bootstrap their future.

I’m sorry if I sound angry. It’s because I am.

How many Idaho legislators take federal money to put in a new center pivot on their little hobby farm in Canyon County? How many Idaho dairy farmers benefit from federal milk price supports? How many former governors are looking to rake in big bucks when the federal mining permits are granted on the South Fork of the Salmon?

While this may not be official corruption, it is a clear statement of values. And I guess it’s values that most Idahoans support. That makes me sad.

Low-income Idaho families are getting squeezed, and so they will vote for a change at the top. And they did. Trump got lots of votes in Idaho.

But these same folks can’t see that their plight has been manufactured by their local representation. The guy who goes to Boise for you has been making your life more miserable. Do you even know his name?

That Federal Childcare block grant has been squeezed by the legislature for the last five years. Less money has been allowed to be spent than was sent from Washington DC. But now, suddenly, there’s a looming deficit, so enrollment is stopped. All while a big wad of money is sitting in the Department of Health and Welfare’s bank account.

Can you imagine what the potato farmers would say about such management? What if this was cattle ranchers’ federal supports being held back? Somebody in Boise would listen.

I guess we know who holds the cards. And it ain’t the folks looking for their bootstraps.

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Coroner Story: Dead Baby, Middle

This was Sid’s toughest. It’s the last you’ll read, but there were more dead babies.

Jack was taking time to line up his shot. Sid and Jack had been playing pool once a week for the last year and Jack was getting better. But it still wasn’t really even. Sid knew the game.

Jack missed.

Late in his career now, it was okay to play pool one night a week and drink beer. Sid hadn’t delivered babies for ten years, so he couldn’t get an unexpected call on their second pitcher. Delivering babies, something he had loved, was in Sid’s past.

And his clinic days were scheduled, and he didn’t have to take call. Sid was winding down.

And there wouldn’t be any coroner calls. He’d dropped that when he quit the big clinic in town. So now, he could shoot pool.

They had started with straight pool, since Sid thought that’s how a beginner should start. But Sid had made the mistake of setting 100 as the end of the game. When Jack was down by 40 balls, it was a testament of his character that he still put his all into every shot. Jack’s character helped him learn that lesson well. The score can be a distraction. There can be many.

As Sid rose for his shot, he noticed the couple up at the bar. But it was his turn, so he looked at the table and addressed the situation. Drop the three-ball soft, left English and then it’s the seven, and stop for the eight. They had moved to eight ball.

Sid missed.

When he missed, he often cussed. But he always thought about why he had missed. It can be the stance, the stroke, but this time it was the aiming. That had always been his strength. He could know the spot, see it and hit it. But lately, he’d noticed how unfocused he had become. Discipline.

As Sid looked down at the floor, walking back to the chair and beer, he saw the couple again. He recognized the woman. She was no longer a girl.

Amber was a quiet girl with a big belly. Sid always found pregnant women attractive. It was not a sexual thing, at least he didn’t think so. He hoped not.

It helped that her mother was in the room. And her sister. Amber hung her hair across her face. She looked at him sideways, like he was a passing lecher, and she needed some distance. He hoped that wasn’t his demeanor, but he was never sure how folks see him. Attractive is dangerous. He had to clear his mind and get back to business.

Sid found out they had just moved up here. No dad involved. But these ladies’ bonds seemed strong. Amber’s mom seemed to like him. That was reassuring.

Sid listened to the dates, the story. Her last menstrual period put her at about twenty-four weeks. She’d felt movement “quickening”.  Sid’s calculated due date coincided with their expectations. She had not had an ultrasound. Did they want one? Did they have insurance? They were applying for Medicaid. He was okay with that, though many local doctors hated Medicaid reimbursement. It paid just half what regular insurance pays. Sid just liked delivering babies, even with all the mess and irregularities. He felt sharp when doing it.

Sid decided he didn’t need to do a vaginal exam. All the tests should have been done by the doc down south and he could get the records. They had signed for that, so all looked good. This seemed to ease the tension in the room, not probing her privates. Schedule the follow up and do the regular. Just pay attention for problems.  

But she was young. Young moms can have problems. He’d dealt with those with preeclampsia, early labor, bleeding, early rupture of membranes. None of these were just for young moms, Sid knew. It was just the work of delivering babies. Amber and her pregnancy would deal the cards. Sid had learned a long time ago to the play the hand dealt.

Maybe that’s why he had resolved to investigate all child deaths carefully. An unanswered question doesn’t tell you anything. Answers, even painful ones, can give peace, at least some sense of it. And not investigating left unanswered questions. So, he had decided.

Or maybe it had been advice. The doc who had been the coroner for three years of his four year term decided to leave town, he’d handed over to Sid his two volumes of the three volume “Pathological Investigations” and his small wisdom.

He only offered two pieces of advice. “The single car accident with no explanation is best left as an accident. If there’s clear evidence otherwise, then you got to go with it, but I usually called it an accident.”

Sid hadn’t yet experienced the guy who drove down through two fences, no braking and drown in his pickup in the swollen river after 6 shots at the small-town bar. Or the old guy who burned up in his car spinning his tires till they burst into flame to get back on the road, but never trying to get out. Sid hadn’t experienced any of this coroner shit yet.

“Oh yeah, the other,” the departing coroner had advised. “Get an autopsy on all SIDS. Don’t just call them and not investigate.”

None of this was in his mind as he left the small rural clinic and headed back to Paradise in the ’54 Chevy. The sun was low and below the trees. Sid was not thinking about Amber, or dead bodies or investigations, none of that shit, just the road ahead.

Amber kept her appointments. That was one on the tests. Sometimes she was with her mom, sometimes the sister, toward the end she’d come into the room alone.

The records had come. It was all adding up. Things should be fine.

The last weeks Sid always asked them to come in weekly. It was how he had been trained. Things need to be done and bad things can happen late. But these last visits included a vaginal exam, to check the cervix and see how the baby was lining up. Sid had sensed Amber’s reticence in her early visit. But she was alone in the room here at 36 weeks with her pants off and a paper sheet over her legs. Did she trust him?

He measured her belly, felt the babe. Doppler heartbeat. Head down, facing to her left, lined up. Sid turned and got the gloves on with his back to her. “I need to check the cervix.” He said.

“I know.” She said. She was lying flat on the exam table.

He brought the lubricant tube with him, having done this so many times before. He stood to her side and raised her legs under the paper sheet. Then held his gloved fingers up and squeezed the gel onto them. He moved them back and forth to make sure all was smooth. Sid placed the lubricant tube next to Amber on the exam table and brought his right gelled fingers under the paper. He placed his left hand on the fundus, holding the baby, the object of this examination. Sid’s gloved slippery fingers felt her labia and parted them gently. Then he pressed in.

When he felt her cervix, he looked at her. She looked back.  It was firm, hard, closed. He could barely feel the baby’s head. He looked at Amber with his hand in her vagina.

“Your cervix has not softened, and the baby is still high.” Sid said as he slowly withdrew his hand. She exhaled.

They did this four more times.

Then Amber had a baby. A healthy baby boy she named River.

Jack had almost laughed at Sid’s miss. But then Jack was faced with his own situation. He went to work as Sid sat with his back to the bar. He was sitting there, knowing it was Amber up there.

Sid thought she had been a good mother. She had nursed, kept the appointments, though they were now living in a hamlet 40 miles away. Amber’s mom had come to the first visit. It looked like breast feeding was working. It was winter and these were tough appointments to keep. Sid was proud of this young mom.

Early on in his coroner job, Sid had decided childhood deaths needed better investigation in his state. His was the only state in the nation without a review panel over all child deaths. He’d read the reports, the CDC recommendations. But there was no way he could get a panel of experts in this small county, so he called on some folks that already met monthly to review child abuse referrals. He asked for their participation to review child deaths and they agreed.

And he went to training. It was all pretty redundant for him, but he thought he should. Sid was like that. He did what he thought should be done.

The call came in the middle of morning clinic. The hospital had a dead baby, and they needed the coroner. Sid ran across the street. It had snowed the night before, but it was wet pavement now. The ER doc had done everything, but when they had noticed rigor in the lower extremities, they’d called it. It was River.

Sid had to take a breath. “Where’s the family?”

“They are all in the family room. They got here with the ambulance.”

Sid looked at the ER Doc. He’d known him for a long time. Sid almost cried. But he could not do that now. Sid looked up at him and said, “I delivered this baby.” He wondered if he had missed something. Mainly, he just wondered. But he knew what he had to do.

The family room was a shit-show. Amber was sobbing, screaming, the mother and the sister were doing their best. Sid walked in, no longer their family doctor, but now the coroner assigned to investigate deaths. This could not go well.

Amber was still in her nightgown. Her face was puffy from her crying and screaming as she bounced between the two, neither able to console her. There seemed to be some others in the room, but Sid only recognized the three.

All turned toward Sid as he entered.

Amber came up to him screaming “Why” or “How” or something, Sid could not fully understand. Her round puffy creased face was barely recognizable in its torment.

As she screamed at him, she bent forward, and her sagging, breast-feeding mother’s breasts swung below her in the loose nightgown. Amber’s mother must have caught Sid’s glance. She grabbed Amber, her tortured daughter and swaddled her in a blanket. She held her daughter’s face in her hands and spoke to her forcefully, face to face. Amber stopped screaming and listened to her mother. Then she turned to Sid, her doctor.

 Sid gave his speech.

I am so sorry. River has died. I am here now not as your doctor but as the county corner to investigate this death….

The room sobered. Was it coroner or investigate, Sid never knew. The words sobered the room. It is a sober endeavor.

“I need to ask you some questions.” He said to Amber. He looked at her mom and sister. Mom then looked at the others in the room. They politely filed out and then it was just Sid and the three.

Amber was still choking on sobs. Mom and sis were quiet. “I need to know what happened.”

Jack had missed and now Sid rose. He didn’t look toward the bar. He still had his two balls to deal with, then the eight, but Jack had dropped a couple and only had one stripe left. Sid realized he could lose this game. And Jack had left him down at the end with only a long shot. And a tough one. There are a couple ways to play this. Shoot to win or shoot not to lose. Sid chalked and pondered.

It had been hard out in their wintery town. Amber had been tending bar before the baby. She’d stayed home with him for the last few weeks, but her mom had encouraged her to go out. She’d watch him. Amber should take care of herself. She’d gone to the bar.

Did you drink?

Yeah.

When did you get home?

It wasn’t late.

Mom offered. “I kept the fire going and River was asleep. She got home about eleven.”

Amber nodded.

How much did you drink?

She shook her head. “I don’t know. Maybe too much. I hadn’t had any while I was pregnant. It hit me kind of.” She was looking down, talking soft.

Sid turned elsewhere. “Is your bed really soft?”

No, not soft at all.

Did River nurse when you came home?

I think so. She looked at her mom.

Mom looked at me. “I think she just got in bed. She was real tired. She might have nursed him in bed there after I left.”

River was sleeping in the bed all while you were there? Sid asked mom.

Yeah, he was quiet. He fussed once and I held him, but then put him back down. He was jus fine, didn’t need changing. She was only gone for maybe three or four hours.

Sid felt a picture forming. But you have to see the whole thing.

So, Amber, do you remember nursing when you got in bed?

Amber looked at Sid blankly, like the question had no meaning. She looked down at the hospital carpet. “I think so.” Softly.

Did he wake up again during the night?

I don’t think so.

When did you wake up?

It was about nine or ten in the morning. She’s still looking down.

What did you notice?

I just got up. He was quiet.

What did you do?

I went to the bathroom and then got some water. But he was so quiet. I went to him. Amber looked at Sid fierce, her face contorting back into the screams and sobs, but she held on.

I went to him.

And her face melted more into that screaming sobbing round wet ball and her mother hugged her and Sid looked up at the ceiling.

He told them what he had to do. Sid would go out to the snowy hamlet to investigate the scene. And an autopsy would be done to determine the cause of death. And then he would issue his report.

He told them this. They agreed to his investigation. They too, wanted to know just why.

He had to cancel the rest of his scheduled patients. Not because he had to do a delivery. That always got some forgiveness. Investigating deaths wasn’t offered to scheduled patients as an excuse for his absence. They didn’t understand.

The snow was two feet high on the roadsides out there. He followed Amber and her mom down the icy path to the trailer. It was still warm, though they’d been gone hours. “Neighbors must have fed the stove.” Mom offered.

The place was small but neat. Lots of people in this county live in trailers. Some do well, some don’t. This looked like a good home. And the bed was firm, just a thin pad on a plywood base.

He told them again of the process, the investigation, then the report. Sid told them he would share it with them when it was done.

The pathologist that was available was just south. He was an older, very experienced guy, and a good investigator. About a week later he called Sid on another clinic day. He summarized what the official report would say. There were no physical findings to explain River’s death. But the blood alcohol test on the baby was positive, at a level that the pathologist speculated that the mother’s blood alcohol must have been very high. “She must have breast fed him when her level was quite high for the infant to have this level. I’ve never seen this before.”

He concluded that the cause of death was “Overlying”. This means that the mother has smothered her child accidentally. He surmised it was due to her level of intoxication.

And so, Sid filled out the death certificate. He called Amber, but she never came into the clinic to talk to him. They never spoke about the findings. Sid worried about her.

Sid made that tough long shot but left himself bad and missed the next. Now he had to pee. He left Jack to finish the game. Sid resigned, he would win, or he would lose and sitting there watching wouldn’t change anything. The full bladder was urgent. Sid got up and went to the bathroom. He finished and zipped and as he came out, he saw Amber walking down the steps toward the exit.

Sid hurried after her. He called, “Amber?” She turned.

Sid saw she had aged. Whenever he noticed this in others, he reminded himself of his own years. Her face did not do any melting, like it had so long ago. It stayed hers. But she conveyed recognition. She knew who he was. She might have known up there on the barstool as he was losing this stupid game he weekly played.

Yes, she said.

I just wondered how you are doing.

She looked down quickly, then back up to meet him. Just fine. I’m Okay.

Then she turned and walked away.

Cause of Death: Overlying

Manner of Death: Accidental

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Coroner Story: Dead Baby, Last

This doesn’t mean you won’t have to read about more, the ones in the middle…You should.

Sid wondered just why the prosecutor wanted him to come up to the courthouse. The message had come a couple days before, so he cleared out a couple of the early afternoon slots. Was he in trouble?

He parked the old ’54 Chevy in the lot. The Hilux had rusted away, but he still used it for dump runs. When he struggled with buying a new truck Martha had looked at him with wonder. “What have you always wanted?”

A new 4WD Toyota would be cool and practical. But he’d remembered the old 1953 Chevy his grandmother Lila had. Four speed gearbox, steady engine. He’d told her he wanted it when he’d helped her move from the old place into town.

“But Jason said he wants it.” The truck was worn but in really good shape overall.

Jason was his cousin’s husband. Sid thought he would respect the value. “He’ll take good care of it. You should give it to him It’s a beauty. He’ll take good care.”

Then, on a later visit, Sid had seen the truck beating through the little Eastern Oregon hamlet. The side was caved in and the muffler blasting. It had been beat to shit.

“Gramma, did you give that truck to Jason?”

“No, Honey. I sold it to a guy here in town. He was going to use it to get wood. I didn’t want there to be no bad blood between you two.”

A gem trashed to preserve nothing. Sid knew this sentiment, this insidious peacemaking.

“What did you get for it?” Sid knew it’s value.

“Oh, it was so old. He give me $200.”

All to avoid a worried about conflict that wasn’t there. Now it’s gone.

But Sid had found an old truck and fixed it up and now, in his later years of practice, he had some pride in it. It glowed in the lot.

He’d even taken it on coroner calls. Folks recognized him rolling up. Sometimes, at least. Once on the highway east of town, called to a motor vehicle death, he’d passed around the line of cars a deputy was holding. Sid could see the frown from a distance as he rolled up. “You’re supposed to stay in line.” The deputy had barked at him.

Sid smiled and looked down. “Sorry, but I’m the coroner.”

The deputy smiled back and said to come on.

As he strode up to the steps, he was again wondering just what mistake he might have made. Such was his nature; always had been.

The prosecutor met him in the hall. “Good, you’re here. We’re all here.” He said to a young woman who went into a room behind him.

“What’s this about?”

“I haven’t had time to brief you on this.” Mr. Prosecutor held out a folder. “We’re meeting with a family who had a child die a few years back. It seems the child’s death was declared a natural death by our county coroner at the time, but they have found that such was not the case. I apologize I couldn’t get these documents to you earlier to review, but the medical records are all here.”

Sid looked at the manila folder. It was thin. That’s good. “What’s going on here?”

The prosecutor took a deep breath and launched in. “They have a legitimate grievance. We are trying to assure them such an injustice would not happen again.”

“Injustice?”

The prosecutor handed Sid the folder. “Why don’t you look through this. When you’re done, come on in.” He went through the door and Sid opened the folder.

The top sheets were an autopsy report for a 9-month-old child from the big city in a neighboring state. They described the cause of death as injury to internal organs from blunt trauma. The manner of death was listed as homicide.

The next few pages described the hospital course for the infant before the autopsy was needed. Sid scanned them, knowing the pathways taken.

There were police reports after that, usual observations. But the stories of the two attendants, mother and daughter, weren’t consistent. This had not been pursued.

The last page was the official death certificate, filed by coroner of the county. So familiar, he had done so many of these. And it all comes down to the coroner, Sid knew.

But this prior coroner had put ‘pneumonia” as the cause of death, and “natural” as the manner of death. Sid couldn’t clearly read the coroner’s signature, but he knew of this guy.

This county had elected doctors to be coroners forever. That’s why he was currently serving. Sid had been strong armed into getting appointed to the position by the exiting coroner, a young surgeon strong armed into running for the office by his older partner who had done it for four years. Most counties in this state had funeral directors as coroners. They got called to the scene anyway to pick up the body, why not have them fill out the paperwork? The doctors in Sid’s county thought a medical professional should be involved in death investigations. So, they had handed around the office to the new guy in town, and Sid had been that guy 14 years ago. He had been unsuccessful recruiting any of the next generation.

But Sid knew, doctors, like all people, aren’t always honest. And Sid knew more.

This doctor had left town under a cloud. He had been a member of a prominent conservative church, but his sexual orientation was not accepted by their dogma. Sid just knew rumors of this history. But here’s his name, and here’s this death certificate.

Sid went into the room.

There was a big Formica table and about ten people seated around it. Sid only knew the prosecutor and two others. They were an older couple he had seen in the clinic with some of their many children. He knew them to be of the same faith as the former coroner, the fugitive doctor.

“And this is Doctor Hawthorne, our county coroner.” The prosecutor intoned.

Sid nodded to the couple. He knew them from clinic visits, and they knew him.

The prosecutor continued. “Doctor, you have read the reports. This family is here today to get our assurances that such a miscarriage of justice will never happen again.”

Sid didn’t speak. They needed to.

The story came out. The day care providers were trusted fellow church members. The coroner also was of their faith, though, they acknowledged, he had lapsed. They believed what they had been told. But then when autopsy results were revealed…. Tears flowed. They felt a deep wound.

And so did Sid.

But inside he felt some relief. It was not his fuck up. He slowly grasped just who was around this table. There was probably an agent from the county’s insurance company and at least a lawyer or two representing their interests. And since this had occurred in the city, Sid imagined some lawyers for that jurisdiction were here too. It’s about risk and loss for them. Just what the hell was he here for?

He looked down at the folder. He looked across at the sad couple.

The baby was dead.

“I wish I could assure you.” He placed the folder on the Formica.

“I have done my best to insure good investigations of childhood deaths in this county. I have instituted child death investigations. Whenever a child dies, the death is reviewed by a panel of professionals, not just me. Our state is the only state in the union that does not have such a statewide review, but we do this here in our county. At least we do now, while I am coroner.”

Sid paused and looked around the table. Few of the lawyers met his eye, but the bereaved parents did.

“I cannot assure you that such will be the case in the future. The county coroner is an elected position. The voters will make this call. I am so sorry for this. I wish it had been done differently.”

Sid left the basement room and got into the 54 Chevy pickup. He sat a bit before turning the key and stomping the starter button.

The next day he found the phone number of the former coroner.

It was a brief conversation. Sid told the guy he would be filing an amended death certificate.

That night he replaced the coil on the old pickup in his cold garage. He tried to keep things running. It brought him a kind of peace.

Cause of Death: Blunt force trauma to the abdomen

Manner of death: Could not be determined

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Thanks

I want to express my thanks to you.

Martha, my wife makes us all hold hands around the Thanksgiving table and say just what exactly we are thankful for. She warns us beforehand, so we think about it.

I’m going to ask the same of you right now. Stop reading this, look up at the ceiling and think about what exactly you should give thanks for. Then say it aloud. If there’s someone else in the room, please explain this exercise.

It’s easy these days to grouse. Some bemoan the planet warming while others are up in arms that transgender people might be considered as they wish.

Maybe you can’t get to the thankful part without the grousing. Then you need to take a deep breath and do better. You’re alive, aren’t you? That’s a start.

This season darkens in these northern latitudes. Some may be looking at the end of their life. I have attended many in such circumstances. Death comes to us all. I have learned, maybe you have to, most of us die just about the same way we have lived. Some are angry and bitter, some peaceful and thankful. I’m pressing you now to move toward the latter.

So, practice.

My thanks I offer is that you read this. I rarely hear from anybody about the words I write. I often use the phrase “We should talk.” But I’m in my shop and I don’t do Facebook or Reddit or X or Truth Social, so I don’t get the social media feedback. And I’m not asking that you send me a postcard. I’m just thanking you for your time to read and consider.

Thanks.

I hope you by now have thought about the things that you consider worthy of thanks.

Maybe it was a neighbor. Maybe they plowed your drive or waved “hi” to you as you sped off on an errand. Maybe they have just lived there for 20 years, providing stability to your neighborhood.

Maybe none of that you consider worthy of your thanks. Be careful. You may die like that someday.

If you want to get big picture, look out the window. That big spruce on the south side of your house that shades you all summer may deserve your thanks. Does it need a trim, some fertilizer? Or maybe it’s reached it’s time and it needs a chainsaw. How we give thanks can come in many forms.

Big picture thanks can often lead to the spiritual and with that comes the religious. Thanking God is almost a given at the Thanksgiving table. This wonderful mysterious world brings me awe and I give thanks.

You might have detected a bit of a moral quandary here. You might be thinking I am saying we should give thanks to ease our passage into the beyond.

Not so. There is no benefit expected from the honest thanks. It is just a gift, freely given.

So what lesson is there in this for an Idaho Democrat and all you other Republicans out there? A pretty big one really.

We are just small players in the big scheme. This state, this nation, this planet will survive us. We are just dust motes in the big picture.

But what we call each other, what we say about each other, how we envision each other just gets in the way of our being thankful for ourselves and each other and this big, beautiful world.

So, I will cook my turkey and I will prepare my spoken thanks as my wife, Martha, asks us to. I will express thanks that we can talk with each other about our fears, our needs. And thankfully, we can listen.

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Coroner Story: Dead Baby, Last

This doesn’t mean you won’t have to read about more, the ones in the middle…You should.

Sid wondered just why the prosecutor wanted him to come up to the courthouse. The message had come a couple days before, so he cleared out a couple of the early afternoon slots. Was he in trouble?

He parked the old ’54 Chevy in the lot. The Hilux had rusted away, but he still used it for dump runs. When he struggled with buying a new truck Martha had looked at him with wonder. “What have you always wanted?”

A new 4WD Toyota would be cool and practical. But he’d remembered the old 1953 Chevy his grandmother had. Four speed gearbox, steady engine. He’d told her he wanted it when he’d helped her move from the old place into town.

“But Jason said he wants it.” The truck was worn but in really good shape overall.

Jason was his cousin’s husband. “He’ll take good care of it. You should give it to him It’s a beauty. He’ll take good care.”

Then, on a later visit, he’d seen the truck gliding through the little Eastern Oregon hamlet. The side was caved in and the muffler blasting. It was beat to shit.

“Gramma, did you give that truck to Jason?”

“No, Honey. I sold it to a guy here in town. He was going to use it to get wood. I didn’t want there to be no bad blood between you two.”

A gem trashed to preserve nothing. Sid knew this sentiment, this insidious peacemaking.

But he’d found an old truck and fixed it up and now, in his later years of practice, he had some pride in it. It glowed in the lot.

He’d even taken it on coroner calls. Folks recognized him rolling up. Sometimes, at least. Once on the highway east of town, called to a motor vehicle death, he’d passed around the line of cars a deputy was holding. Sid could see the frown from a distance as he rolled up. “You’re supposed to stay in line.” The deputy had barked at him.

Sid smiled and looked down. “Sorry, but I’m the coroner.”

The deputy smiled back and said to come on.

As he strode up to the steps, he was again wondering just what mistake he had made.

The prosecutor met him in the hall. “Good, you’re here. We’re all here.” He said to a young woman who went into a room behind him.

“What’s this about?”

“I haven’t had time to brief you on this.” He held a folder. “We’re meeting with a family who had a child die a few years back. It seems the child’s death was declared a natural death by the coroner at the time, but they have found that such was not the case. I apologize I couldn’t get these documents to you earlier to review, but the medical records are all here.”

Sid looked at the manila folder. It was thin. That’s good. “What’s going on here?”

The prosecutor took a deep breath and launched in. “They have legitimate grievance. We are trying to assure them such an injustice would not happen again.”

“Injustice?”

The prosecutor handed Sid the folder. “Why don’t you look through this. When you’re done, come on in.” He went through the door and Sid opened the folder.

The top sheets were an autopsy report for a 9-month-old child from the big city in a neighboring state. They described the cause of death as injury to internal organs from blunt trauma. The manner of death was listed as homicide.

The next few pages described the hospital course for the infant before the autopsy was needed. Sid scanned them, knowing the pathways taken.

There were police reports after that, usual observations, nothing glaring.

The last page was the official death certificate. So familiar, he had done so many of these. But the coroner had put ‘pneumonia” as the cause of death, and “natural” as the manner of death. Sid couldn’t clearly read the coroner’s signature, but he knew of this guy.

This county had elected doctors to be coroners forever. That’s why he was currently serving. But doctors aren’t always honest, Sid knew. And Sid knew more.

This doctor had left town under a cloud. He had been a member of a prominent conservative church, but his sexual orientation was not accepted by their dogma. Sid just knew rumors of this history. But here’s his name, and here’s this death certificate.

Sid went into the room.

There was a big Formica table and about ten people seated around it. Sid only knew the prosecutor and two others. They were an older couple he had seen in the clinic with some of their many children. He knew them to be of the same faith as the former coroner, the fugitive doctor.

“And this is Doctor Hawthorne, our county coroner.” The prosecutor intoned.

Sid nodded to the couple. He knew them from clinic visits.

The prosecutor continued. “You have read the reports. This family is here today to get our assurances that such a miscarriage of justice will never happen again.”

Sid didn’t speak. They needed to.

The story came out. The day care providers were trusted church members. The coroner also was of their faith, though, they acknowledged, he had lapsed. They believed what they had been told. But then when autopsy results were revealed…. Tears flowed. They felt a deep wound.

And so did Sid.

But inside he felt some relief. It was not his fuck up. He slowly grasped just who was around this table. There was probably an agent from the county’s insurance company and at least a lawyer or two representing their interests. And since this had occurred in the city, Sid imagined some lawyers from them were here. He looked down at the folder. He looked across at the sad couple.

The baby was dead.

“I wish I could assure you.” He placed the folder on the Formica.

“I have done my best to insure good investigations of childhood deaths. I have instituted child death investigations in this county. Whenever a child dies, the death is reviewed by a panel. Our state is the only state in the union that does not have a statewide review, but we do this here in our county. I cannot assure you that such will be the case in the future. The county coroner is an elected position. The voters will make this call. I am so sorry for this. I wish it had been done differently.”

Sid left the basement room and got into the 54 Chevy pickup. He sat a bit before turning the key and stomping the starter button.

The next day he found the phone number of the former coroner.

It was a brief conversation.

That night he replaced the coil on the old pickup in his cold garage. He tried to keep things running. It brought him peace.

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Californication

You might be wondering how an Idaho Democrat is feeling right now. Or maybe not. If you are, good luck trying to find one to ask.

I can tell you how I’m feeling, since I am a registered Idaho Democrat, should you have an interest. But you probably don’t care.

A lack of interest in what I have to say can deter me. But I have striven to overcome such passive opposition. Remember, I served six years in the Idaho State Senate. It is rare for a State Senator to command attention from the body. It is much more common that emails are answered, and attention is elsewhere when a Senator rises to speak.

So, telling you how I am feeling is much like windward pissing. Let’s let it go. You don’t care how I feel. I can accept that. The wind is my problem, not yours.

You could hear a confession if you chose. Maybe you have moved on.

I moved to Idaho from California.

So, me, a registered Idaho Democrat might be the Californication you seem to want to repulse.

Sorry, I’m here for the long run.

I could give you all the back story. How my great grandfather settled in Pine Valley, just fifteen miles from Idaho in Eastern Oregon in 1880, just after Joseph and the non-treaty Nimipu made their valiant effort to evade the US military and declare their right to be on this ground. Pine Valley is just south of the Eagle Cap, south of the Wallowa Valley that Joseph and his people called home. It was included in the original treaty Joseph signed. But then, the US government demanded a change. And our military and us people got it. Including my great grandfather.

Otto Schmidt raised horses in Pine Valley and sold them to the US government. It was good land to raise horses. The Nimipu knew this. But we took it from them, so my forefather could profit. But times changed, and by the 1920’s, the US military’s need for horses saw a steep decline. My grandfather Henry was always blamed by Otto for this failure. Henry went to work as a cowboy for Albert Campbell of the Circle C ranch out of New Meadows. He pretty much abandoned his two kids to work cows. But you got to make a living, right?

Henry ended up buying up a bunch of abandoned hard scrabble benches along the Wildhorse River that empties from Idaho into the Snake River below Brownlee reservoir.

Henry’s son, my father left poverty in Pine Valley, fought the WWII, and built a business in Salem Oregon, then struck out to places south. We ended up in southern California when the business melted. It’s a long story.

So, I came to this state from Southern California.

It was a good choice.

I didn’t like SoCal freeways and subdivisions. I liked the place I had seen in my summers visiting. I admired Henry’s hard work and the opportunity. And I respected what he had accomplished.

So, if I’m the Californication Idaho must repulse, come talk to me about it. If I’m the guy you want to leave Idaho, let me know.

But there are a lot of ex-Californians here in Idaho right now.

I suspect the reason some ex-Californians are here is because they wanted to escape liberal, progressive, Democratic politics that pissed them off. And so, me, as an Idaho Democrat might not be exactly who they want to talk to.

But you should.

I have always wondered if Otto Schmidt, my great grandfather, just off the boat and the transcontinental train wondered whose land he was settling. I never met him. He was dead before I was born.

But I’m here. And so are Joseph’s ancestors and so are you.

Maybe we should talk.

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Dead Babies; Preface

Dead Babies

Preface

I’ve seen some.

I’ve even seen some I have delivered from out of their mothers’ wombs. Can you get more full circle?

Family doctor, coroner: birth and death.

Then we get around to the cause and manner of death, which shouldn’t, but brings in blame, doesn’t it?

These may not be pleasant stories. Coroner stories often aren’t. Consider this kind of like the NPR warning of hearing the sounds of gunfire. You may not like what follows.

And to make my life easier, and yours, and the lives in these stories, this is now fiction. Fiction does that. From now on, all these “Dead Baby” stories are made up, not real, a creation of the author. They do not depict what I have seen or been through. They do not depict the sorrow, the pain of any true families. This is just fiction.

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Coroner Story: Dead Baby; First

The First

Sid had become comfortable with the maelstrom. Toddlers screaming, tearing about as the mom held the newborn, the focus of his interest.

“How’s he doing?”

She held the babe to her breast and smiled at Sid. “Good appetite.”

She was here for the ten-day check. She knew the routine.

He remembered standing between her spread legs. There was sweat on her cheeks, but her gaze met his. This was coming fast. “Push this next time and it will be over.” And she did. And it was.

He caught the slippery form and held it to his chest as the fluids and the cord draped down to the basin. Suction, cut the cord, then hand it off. He attended the mother, the nurse attended the babe, since all looked okay at this point. The mom was the greatest risk right now, so she got his attention.

Sid heard the baby cry from the warmer, so he felt his assessment good. Deliver the placenta, watch for bleeding, look for cuts to sew, check for bleeding. Then turn to the babe.

He did that, and her bleeding was okay. Then he went to the warmer.

Sally, the nurse this day said, “Pretty bruised.” The wrinkled newborn face was darker than expected.

Sid did his exam. Healthy baby wrapped up and taken over to mom. “He’s bruised a bit from coming down that fast. It’s a tough journey. But he’ll be okay. We’ll need to watch for jaundice. The nurses will tell you about that. I gotta go back to clinic.”

And so, he did. And then she was here.

“Did you see any jaundice; did he get yellow?”

 “Not much Doc. I watched for it, but he nursed real good from the beginning.”

They both heard the knock on the door. Cindy didn’t enter, just cracked it a bit and said softly, “City Police Department on line two.” Sid’s nurse tolerated his coroner role. But she hated when it interrupted patient care. Sid did too. So, he finished with the babe and left the maelstrom and the Madonna.

Sid stifled his irritation and picked up line two. “Doctor Hawthorne here.”

“Yeah, doc they want you to respond to a scene.”

“Can I go at lunch time? I’m seeing patients.”

“Uh, no they need you there now. It’s a dead baby.”

Sid got the location. Just a few blocks west. Still, he’d have to cancel a couple appointments.

It was late summer, and the University had just started. The town absorbed and welcomed the influx of retail.

Sid had lived in and observed many Idaho towns and decided he didn’t want to live in a mill town. Mills shut down, not because the guys working there are lazy or are doing bad work. But maybe the market has taken a downturn, and the global supply is tweaking prices. So, the guys go to half shifts or are laid off. Sid came to believe that this boom and bust for no fault of their own created an abusive environment.

So, he chose a town with a university. Maybe that would be healthier.

But he came to learn Paradise was a mill town too. The mill didn’t ship out plywood or two by lumber, but the degrees were a product.

And that was where Sid was going. The scene was behind a tall dormitory just blocks from the clinic.

It was a beautiful morning. He parked the Hilux behind a patrol car. There were two or three and yellow tape around a dumpster. Cam came up quickly.

“Hey doc.” He didn’t smile.

“So, what’s going on?”

He stood up tall, six inches over the short family doctor and coroner. Cam and Sid’s daughters both swam on the local swim team. It’s a small town, except for all these students coming and going.

Cam took a deep breath and exhaled. He looked at Sid, then down to the asphalt. “A cleaning woman found a dead baby in the dumpster here.”

He took another breath. “There were bloody sheets with the body. We have determined the sheets came from a room up there on the sixth floor. We have a young woman in custody. I don’t know her story, they are questioning her downtown. But we need you to authorize an autopsy on the baby.”

Sid looked off to the north hills. He could almost see his house from here. Kids in school, wife doing her thing. Dead baby, Sid’s first.

“Okay, Cam, I’ll get it done. Anything else?”

He smiled. Like he appreciated Sid was learning his job. “No Doc, we got the team doing the scene investigation, checking with witnesses.”

Before turning to go Sid stopped. “Cam, where is the body?”

He frowned a bit. “We took it downtown as evidence.”

“Is it in a cooler?”

“I don’t know.”

“Make sure it’s in a cooler, like a refrigerator, not a freezer. Then I’ll let you know where to take it for an autopsy.”

He nodded.

Sid got Morgan, the local pathologist to agree to do the autopsy. He was very skilled, but often refused to do cases that might lead to prosecution. But he would save the taxpayers a thousand bucks compared to shipping the little bundle off.

Sid read about the story of the young lady in the next day’s morning paper. She was a freshman student from California in a dormitory. Her roommate didn’t know she was pregnant. The cleaning crew had responded to the blood and the missing sheets and followed the trail to the dumpster. He could imagine.

Morgan called him the next day in the middle of morning clinic. “Well, there’s no clear cause of death. But the sclera definitely has petechial hemorrhages, so I’m going to call this a death by asphyxia. I believe she choked this baby after it was born.”

Sid exhaled. Petechial hemorrhages are classic for whenever there is an external obstruction to the internal blood pressure.

“Morgan, have you ever delivered a baby?”

Sid heard the chuckle. “We all have to do OB in our Med School rotations Sid. Yes, I’ve delivered babies.”

Sid knew, his colleagues did not like their conclusions questioned. But he thought of the babies with their cords around their necks, the babies that had come fast and were bruised, the shoulder dystocia, stuck there and choking. Sid doubted his pathologist friend had gone through these uncommon traumatic birth episodes.

“Okay. Send me your report.”

Back to the grind.

It was all in the local news. Dead baby, dumpster, University offering support. But elk season was close.

Cousin Charley had decided on Partridge Creek. He’d bring his two worthless pack animals and they’d just have to hike in the five miles, climbing 6000 feet elevation. Sid took ten days off.

And he went.

The vision of a spooked elk herd running down the avalanche chute after they had winded either him or Charley did not stay with him. But another vision did.

As he tried to get a view of the thundering herd, an elk calf came through the brush, the hoof beats behind, and sniffed, intently toward him. Sid could see the outline through the branches. The big nostrils, the moist quivering nose, the little frame, the dark eyes all directed toward him. He could hear the forceful nose pointed sniffs. The calf was discerning danger, or safety. Then there was a bleat behind, and it was gone with the others, down to the timber below. Its mother told it what to do, or else some other responsible mature cow in the herd was looking out for a young, inquisitive calf. Someday it may be a big bull, or an old cow. Sid’s memory was of the sniffing, the questioning.

There were lots of messages for him when he got back. He told the Prosecutors office he could come up that day after he’d finished with his patients, he hoped before 6PM.

The secretary took him to the office of the new Deputy Prosecutor. She’d been assigned the young woman’s case. Sid shook her hand, never having met her before.

“We had a preliminary hearing last week where you were scheduled to testify. The judge kindly postponed it due to your unavailability.” The tall woman with auburn dyed hair was staring at Sid like a disappointed schoolteacher would a truant.

“Sorry, this is the first I heard about it. I was out elk hunting.” Sid figured that was the best excuse there was for missing a court date. “If you need me to do something, you gotta let me know.” To himself he admitted he probably wouldn’t have skipped the hunt for some court testimony, even if he would have known.

“We left the message with your office. It’s not our fault.” Now she was getting riled. She got up briskly from her chair and strode to the door, a tall woman in high heels. Sid was slouching, now really feeling a truant. She closed the door and strode back, sat down, and took her glasses off. It didn’t make her stare any harsher. Sid wondered if she was trying to be meaner, or nicer with that. “Look, Doctor Hawthorne. You are the county coroner, and I am the deputy county prosecutor. We are on the same side. We both want justice for that poor dead child.”

Sid nodded silently.

“So, can I expect your cooperation in this case?”

Sid nodded again.

“Have you read the pathologists report?”

Sid nodded again. “Just this morning.”

“So, we have a homicide here, and that requires justice.” She stood to her full height and stuck out her hand. “I hope we haven’t gotten off on the wrong foot here. The judge has rescheduled the hearing for three weeks from now, the first week of December. Please be available.” She smiled and Sid shook her hand.

As he left the office in the courthouse basement, he was considering that thing about sides and justice she had thrown out with such confidence.

Later, after hospital rounds and dinner with the family he went out to his messy garage. The kids were in bed and the dishwasher droning in the kitchen. Sid needed some space. The cluttered workbench with dark windows above was quiet. But he didn’t putter. He would usually pick up a broken thing and try to fix it, but tonight he just stared out the darkened windows.

Such peace was rare for him.

It was Friday and he would be on call this coming weekend. That’s what you get when you take 10 days off to hunt. The sides and justice thing had turned itself over in his mind enough, so he made a call. Literally.

The public defender had agreed to meet him on Sunday. Sid had picked a time after hospital rounds but before noon clinic. The office was a small old house below the courthouse.

There were two of them, lawyers in this small town that had a law school and more lawyers than doctors. Sid didn’t feel outnumbered, just wanting to get this done.

The older guy with lots of ear hair smiled and in his gravely smoker’s voice asked with a grin, “How was hunting?”

“Just fine.”

“Look Doctor we really appreciate your meeting with us. This poor girl…”

“You both need to know I’m not on your side.” Sid cut him off. “I don’t know your client, never met her, don’t have any judgement about what happened.”

They both sat looking at him.

“Have you read the autopsy report?”

They both nodded.

“Have you read my Death Certificate?”

They shook their heads.

“You might want to. I certified the cause of death as asphyxia since that’s what the pathologist found. But I certified the manner of death as “Could not be Determined.”

They both looked a bit blank.

Sid did a short lesson on cause and manner of death.

“You see, babies can be asphyxiated just in the process of birth. Some come out and don’t breathe, or their breathing is so poor they can’t keep it up without help. I did not agree with the pathologist’s interpretation that this was a homicide.”

The gravely voice asked, “Would you testify to that?”

Sid shifted. “I would prefer not to. You ought to look around for some experts other than me. I’m just a family doc in a small town.”

The younger lawyer asked about the petechia, asking Sid to explain.

“It’s pronounced ‘Pe-teek-ia’. It’s when small blood vessels burst from internal blood pressure usually caused by external pressure or trauma. But that’s exactly what a vaginal birth is, trauma. The baby’s head is under great pressure, especially in a first-time mom. I would bet this would be a common finding in most newborns. Ask somebody else. Don’t go on my word. But I think there’s a lot of ambiguity in this situation.”

Sid stood up. “Look, I’ve got to get to clinic. You guys have work to do too. Don’t consider me your expert. And remember, I’m not on your side.”

They stood up as he left.

Clinic was busy.

Two weeks later the paper announced the trial was cancelled and a plea agreement had been reached. Sid got no message from the prosecutor’s office. He just read the paper and decided he would not need to cancel appointments.

The young woman Sid never met got some counselling, and probation, plead guilty to not reporting a death Sid learned from local news. He never heard from the high heels or the ear hair guy. But he imagined, like the darkness out his workshop windows, or the quivering wet nose of an elk calf, maybe this was how it would be. He thought of the young woman, and justice. She probably suffered the rest of her life. Maybe he would too.

Cause of Death: Asphyxia

Manner of Death: Could not be Determined.

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Break

Some of you might have been wondering where I’ve been. That’s a common question posed about us Idaho Democrats.

Well, I’ve been up on ladders and planks and some real rickety scaffold, painting the second story window trim in a long hot summer. There was the bathroom remodel, refinishing the cabinets and fixing the exhaust on the Adventurewagen. I’ve been busy. I really doubt I have been missed.

Despite what the Republicans might claim, I have not attended any Communist Party conventions, nor gone to any Antifa weapons training weekends. I’m an Idaho Democrat and don’t have time for such folly. I’m just painting old, cracked boards that will peel again this winter, despite my efforts. I have my own folly. It involves maintaining old houses, old cars, my old body, and mind. So, I take a break now and then.

And as an Idaho Democrat, I know fallacy. Peeling paint and super minority status are about equal in my book. So, I scrape and paint.

I did attend a fundraising effort by the local Idaho Democratic Party. It was actually well attended. The food was good, and the drinks were paid for, and the band played. I had two beers. The local candidates gave their pitches. I remember those days.

Most were pretty good, though for some the applause was obligatory.

I mingled.

I started asking how many of these folks at this event were registered as Idaho Democrats. I knew most of them by name.

I found that at least a quarter of the folks at this Idaho Democratic fundraiser admitted to being registered as an Idaho Republican. About a tenth said they were unaffiliated.

No wonder some Idaho Republicans have tried their best to purify their taxpayer-funded primary election. Some of these rascally Idaho Democrats are wearing sheep’s clothing.

I just see it as a testament to how avidly people want to participate in the electoral process. Let’s be honest. A couple thousand voters choose the candidate in the May Republican primary election. The muttering crowd endorses the nominee in November.

It makes sense that the Idaho Republican party wants to purge us voters from their rolls. Those Idaho Democratic supporters who probably gave money to Idaho Democratic candidates don’t really support Idaho Republican values.

But the current system is rigged.

Some Republican wacko candidate wins their primary with maybe 2000 votes. They for sure will go on to win the general election. Because Idaho voters vote Republican, no matter.

The Republican wacko or moderate primary winner now goes on to represent the 45,000 people in their legislative district.

Does this current system in Idaho represent the values of our representative democracy?

Maybe.

Back when our founders scribbled this up on parchment, women couldn’t vote. Slaves couldn’t vote. Indeed, the landed, rich mostly slave-holding patrons ruled. Don’t miss the good old days. We have them here in Idaho.

So, Idaho Democrats are in a quandary. The Initiative, Prop 1, for open primaries and rank choice general elections will undoubtedly help more moderate republicans get elected. But it won’t help Idaho Democrats gain any legislative seats.

Besides scraping, painting, and climbing ladders, I have knocked on a few doors for my local party. I now hold the lowest elected position, precinct committeeman in the Latah County Democratic Party. We should get out and know the people in our precinct.

Some of the people in my precinct weren’t registered to vote. I helped with that. I talked to them about local candidates. But I also talked to them about Prop 1. Almost everybody I spoke with thought it made good sense.

I endorse Prop 1, knowing it will not elect more Idaho Democrats. It’s just the right thing to do for our state.

It’s good to take a break.

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Coverage

I know many conservatives don’t want to consider that the government we endow with our, the people’s power, have any obligation to those who give this power. We’re talking entitlements here.

I don’t like thinking anybody is entitled to anything. I grew up poor. But I find myself now among the entitled. So, forgive me this rant.

When children are taken from their parents by the state, we owe these children something.

I wish their parents had provided for them. But they didn’t. Believe me, the bar in Idaho is pretty high for a court to remand custody to the state.

In a recent Board of Health and Welfare meeting we heard some of the new Director’s solutions to our problem. He proposed rules to get more foster parents eligible to take in foster children. I fully support this step. He may see the problem as budget balance, but I see it bigger.

I hope you can too.

When a child is enrolled in foster care, they become eligible for Medicaid health insurance. The DHW does its best to get them enrolled and the benefits available.

Before we go on, ask yourself if you think a taxpayer benefit of health insurance to a child ward of the state is proper. Some may not.

Currently, in Idaho that eligibility for health insurance lapses when the foster child reaches the age of 26. Why?

The age of 26 limit was a decision by our federal government. It was a part of the Affordable Care Act. Obamacare. Just as the option to continue your own kids off in college on the family plan up to age 26, the foster kids got rolled into that negotiated limit. Remember, Obamacare was negotiated not with Republicans, but with the health insurance industry. I guess somebody thinks these wards should be out paying premiums by the age of 26. Maybe you do too.

Some states accept other states foster children into their Medicaid benefits, should they move here. Say the foster child leaves their Utah foster home at the age of 18 and moves to Idaho. They will not be eligible for benefits in Idaho. That is a choice our state has made.

I here propose that any child who has been awarded to state custody should have health insurance supported by the state for the rest of their lives.

The Idaho legislature has acknowledged there are significant Adverse Childhood Events, ACES. The impact of these events is lifelong. Children who experience childhood trauma carry this with them onward.

We, the people who have given the state the authority to retain custody when a parent cannot provide for their child, should see to the fostering of that child to the best of our ability.

Maybe you don’t think the state should intervene into this. I would welcome your thoughts. I could tell you some stories.

Indeed, at our IDHW Board meeting we heard some stories. Two people told how they had taken children into their families outside of the foster system. I suspect many Idaho families step up like this. Indeed, our family has.

So, I believe the kids that become “wards of the state” have very little resources. Shouldn’t we support them?

My proposal that Medicaid eligibility for foster children be lifelong is not without precedent.

When kidney failure could be treated with dialysis, Congress decided the diagnosis of “End Stage Renal Disease” would make the person eligible for Disability and Medicare health insurance.

Congress should roll up the age of Medicaid eligibility for foster children to the end of their life.

All people should have access to health care. But the children awarded to state custody deserve this, even if we can’t decide we all do.

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